Abstract
BackgroundElytrigia Desv. is a genus with a varied array of morphology, cytology, ecology, and distribution in Triticeae. Classification and systematic position of Elytrigia remain controversial. We used nuclear internal-transcribed spacer (nrITS) sequences and chloroplast trnL-F region to study the relationships of phylogenetic and maternal genome donor of Elytrigia Desv. sensu lato.Results(1) E, F, P, St, and W genomes bear close relationship with one another and are distant from H and Ns genomes. Ee and Eb are homoeologous. (2) In ESt genome species, E genome is the origin of diploid Elytrigia species with E genome, St genome is the origin of Pseudoroegneria. (3) Diploid species Et. elongata were differentiated. (4) Et. stipifolia and Et. varnensis sequences are diverse based on nrITS data. (5) Et. lolioides contains St and H genomes and belongs to Elymus s. l. (6) E genome diploid species in Elytrigia serve as maternal donors of E genome for Et. nodosa (PI547344), Et. farcta, Et. pontica, Et. pycnantha, Et. scirpea, and Et. scythica. At least two species act as maternal donor of allopolyploids (ESt and EStP genomes).ConclusionsOur results suggested that Elytrigia s. l. species contain different genomes, which should be divided into different genera. However, the genomes of Elytrigia species had close relationships with one another. Diploid species were differentiated, because of introgression and different geographical sources. The results also suggested that the same species and the same genomes of different species have different maternal donor. Further study of molecular biology and cytology could facilitate the evaluation of our results of phylogenetic in a more specific and accurate way.
Highlights
Elytrigia Desv. is a genus with a varied array of morphology, cytology, ecology, and distribution in Triticeae
Our results suggested that Elytrigia s. l. species contain different genomes, which should be divided into different genera
The results suggested that the same species and the same genomes of different species have different maternal donor
Summary
Elytrigia Desv. is a genus with a varied array of morphology, cytology, ecology, and distribution in Triticeae. Is a genus with a varied array of morphology, cytology, ecology, and distribution in Triticeae. Classification and systematic position of Elytrigia remain controversial. Triticeae in Poaceae includes the most economically important cereal crops (wheat, barley, and rye) and forage grasses and ecological species in grasslands. As one of the most important perennial genera of Triticeae, Elytrigia Desv. Includes 40 species, which are distributed in subtropical and warm temperate regions of both hemispheres [6]. Elytrigia sensu lato is characterized by branched creeping rhizomes and caespitose, long anthers, lanceolate to liner glumes, lanceolate lemma, single spikelet per node, and crosspollination, and most species were previously categorized under Agropyron Gaertner [1, 6, 8].
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