Phylogeny and diversity of Haploporus (Polyporaceae, Basidiomycota).

Meng Zhou,Yu-Cheng Dai,Tom W May,Li Wang,Josef Vlasák,Jia-Jia Chen

doi:10.3897/mycokeys.54.34362

Abstract

Four species of Haploporus, H.angustisporus, H.crassus, H.gilbertsonii and H.microsporus are described as new and H.pirongia is proposed as a new combination, based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analyses inferred from internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nLSU) sequences. Haploporusangustisporus, H.crassus and H.microsporus occur in China, H.gilbertsonii occurs in the USA, and the distribution of H.pirongia is extended from New Zealand to Australia. Haploporusangustisporus is characterized by the distinct narrow oblong basidiospores measuring 10.5–13.5 × 3.9–5 µm. Haploporuscrassus is characterized by the presence of ventricose cystidioles occasionally with a simple septum, dissepimental hyphae usually with a simple septum, unique thick-walled basidia and distinctly wide oblong basidiospores measuring 13.5–16.5 × 7.5–9.5 µm. Haploporusgilbertsonii is characterized by its large pores (2–3 per mm), a dimitic hyphal structure with non-dextrinoid skeletal hyphae and wide oblong basidiospores measuring 12–15 × 6–8 µm. Haploporusmicrosporus is characterized by distinctly small pores (7–9 per mm), the presence of dendrohyphidia, and distinctly small ellipsoid basidiospores measuring 5.3–6.7 × 3–4.1 µm. Haploporuspirongia is proposed as a new combination. Haploporusamarus is shown to be a synonym of H.odorus and Pachykytosporawasseri is considered a synonym of H.subtrameteus.

Highlights

Haploporus Bondartsev & Singer (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) is characterized by annual to perennial, resupinate to pileate basidiocarps, a di- to trimitic hyphal system with clamped connections on the generative hyphae, cyanophilous skeletal hyphae, cylindrical to subglobose, hyaline, thick-walled, cyanophilous and ornamented basidiospores, and formation of a white rot (Singer 1944, Dai et al 2002, Piątek 2005, Li et al 2007, Shen et al 2016)
In the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-based phylogeny (Fig. 2), Haploporus angustisporus is closely related to H. alabamae and H. nanosporus
Haploporus angustisporus may be confused with H. alabamae in having approximately the same basidiospores size (9.5–12.5 × 4–5.5 μm vs. 10–13.5 × 4–5 μm) but H. alabamae has a trimitic hyphal system and lacks cystidioles (Gilbertson and Ryvarden 1986–1987)

Summary

Introduction

Haploporus Bondartsev & Singer (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) is characterized by annual to perennial, resupinate to pileate basidiocarps, a di- to trimitic hyphal system with clamped connections on the generative hyphae, cyanophilous skeletal hyphae, cylindrical to subglobose, hyaline, thick-walled, cyanophilous and ornamented basidiospores, and formation of a white rot (Singer 1944, Dai et al 2002, Piątek 2005, Li et al 2007, Shen et al 2016). Pachykytospora was shown to be, micro-morphologically, similar to Haploporus, differing only in having resupinate basidiocarps; both names were treated as synonyms (Dai et al 2002) and all Pachykytospora species have been transferred to Haploporus (Dai et al 2002, Piątek 2005, Shen et al 2016), but P. major G.Y.Zheng&Z.S.Bi (add lit.), which belong to Megasporia because of its thin-walled and smooth basidiospores (Dai and Li 2002). After morphological examinations and phylogenetic analysis of ITS and nLSU sequences, four new species were confirmed to be members of the Haploporus lineage. Was originally described from New Zealand (Cunningham 1947), and treated as a synonym of Poria papyracea (Schwein.) Cooke (= Haploporus papyraceus (Schwein.) Y.C.Dai&Niemelä (Cunningham 1965, Lowe 1966 and Buchanan and Ryvarden 1988) is shown to represent an independent species, based on new specimens and both morphology and phylogenetic evidences.

Methods

Results

Conclusion