Phylogenetic structure of Salmonella Enteritidis provides context for a foodborne outbreak in Peru

Willi Quino,Ronnie G Gavilan,Maria L Zamudio,Carmen V Hurtado,Orson Mestanza,Junior Caro-Castro

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-78808-y

Willi Quino, Ronnie G Gavilan + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78808-y

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Journal: Scientific Reports	Publication Date: Dec 1, 2020
Citations: 4	License type: open-access

Affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Salud

Abstract

Salmonella Enteritidis, an important foodborne zoonosis, has a dramatically increased number of cases around the world. To explore the phylogenetic structure of Peruvian Salmonella Enteritidis strains and their relationship with an outbreak occurred in 2018, we analyzed a comprehensive strains of S. Enteritidis received by the National Institute of Health during the period 2000–2018. A total of 180 strains were characterized by microbiological procedures, serotyping and whole genome sequencing. Based on genome sequences annotated, virulence factors and accessory genes were identified. Phylogenetic and population structure analysis were also analyzed based on SNPs. The phylogenetic analysis grouped the genomes into two well-supported clades that were consistent with population structure analysis. The clinical and food strains corresponding to the outbreak were included in the same cluster, which presented the sdhA gene, related to the increase of the virulence of this pathogen. The phylogenetic relationship of Peruvian S. Enteritidis suggests the presence of four S. enteritidis population with high epidemiological importance.

Highlights

Salmonella Enteritidis, an important foodborne zoonosis, has a dramatically increased number of cases around the world
The impact on global human health of non-typhoidal salmonellosis (NTS) is high, with an estimated of 93.8 million cases. 80.3 million of cases were related to food t ransmission[1]
Enteritidis corresponded to the sequence type 11 (ST11), which is the most common ST of S

Summary

Introduction

Salmonella Enteritidis, an important foodborne zoonosis, has a dramatically increased number of cases around the world. To explore the phylogenetic structure of Peruvian Salmonella Enteritidis strains and their relationship with an outbreak occurred in 2018, we analyzed a comprehensive strains of S. Since the transmission of Salmonella spp. from person to person is uncommon, food is considered the main source of human exposure, with an estimated 95% of infections related to animal source food[2]. Enteritidis infection among humans, such as cross contamination of raw and prepared foods[5], as well as the existence of asymptomatic infected food handlers[6]. For all these reasons, an emerging foodborne zoonosis caused by S. Enteritidis strains from the last 20 years and its relationship with an outbreak occurred in Callao, Peru, in 2018

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