Abstract
Abstract. Phylogenetic relationships among the South American thynnine tiphiids are analysed, using previously unused characters from the female head, male and female terminalia, mouthparts and thorax. A new tribe, Scotaenini, is proposed to include the South American genera: Scotaena, Anodontyra, Pseudelaphroptera, Parelaphroptera, Glottynoides, Glottynnus, Rostrynnus and Ornepetes. One genus, Aelurus, is the only neotropical representative of the tribe Rhagigasterini. The remaining South American genera belong to the Thynnini. In addition, keys to and a synonymic checklist of the South American genera are included. One specific synonymy (Anodontyra interrupta Duran 1941 with A.tricolor Westwood 1835), and one generic synonymy (Pseudornepetes Duran 1941 with Pseudelaphroptera Ashmead 1903) are proposed. Telephoromyia exsecta Turner is newly transferred to Spilothynnus.
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