Abstract
Human parechovirus (HPeV), which is a member of the Picornavirus group of viruses, is a pathogen that is reported to be associated with manifestations that include respiratory tract involvement, gastroenteritis, sepsis-like symptom, and central nervous system complication. Until now, nineteen genotypes have been identified. The lack of proofreading property of viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) together with recombination among the intra- and inter-genotypes of the virus results in high diversity. However, data specific to the molecular evolutionary perspective of the complete genome of HPeV remains limited. This study aimed to analyze the phylogenetic, molecular evolution, and recombination characteristics of the complete genome of HPeV strains isolated in Thailand during 2009–2012. Fifty-eight samples that were previously confirmed to be HPeV positive and then evaluated for genotyping were subjected to complete genome amplification to generate ten overlapping PCR fragments using a set of in-house designed primers. The same position of the viral genome was read in triplicate using direct Sanger sequencing. All samples were classified into the same previously defined genotypes in both whole-genome and VP1 phylogenic tree. However, sample B1091/HPeV14/2011 exhibited discordant grouping between whole-genome and VP1 on the phylogenetic tree. Bootscan analysis revealed that B1091/HPeV14/2011 inherited from two genotypic viruses, including VP1 from HPeV14, and the rest of the genome from HPeV1B. The results of this study provide important insights into the molecular evolution of and recombination in the viral genome of HPeV that will improve and accelerate our ability to develop treatment and prophylactic strategies in the future.
Highlights
Human parechovirus (HPeV), which is a member of the Picornavirus group of viruses, is a pathogen that is reported to be associated with manifestations that include respiratory tract involvement, gastroenteritis, sepsis-like symptom, and central nervous system complication
Nineteen genotypes have been classified by the genomic diversity of viral protein (VP) 1, which is assigned as HPeV1-191–9
The viral genome of fifty-eight samples previously identified as HPeV p ositive[28] was subjected to complete genome amplification
Summary
Human parechovirus (HPeV), which is a member of the Picornavirus group of viruses, is a pathogen that is reported to be associated with manifestations that include respiratory tract involvement, gastroenteritis, sepsis-like symptom, and central nervous system complication. This study aimed to analyze the phylogenetic, molecular evolution, and recombination characteristics of the complete genome of HPeV strains isolated in Thailand during 2009–2012. The lack of proofreading property of viral RdRp together with the recombination among intra- and inter-genotypes of the virus leads to high viral genome diversity. This study aimed to analyze the phylogenetic, molecular evolution, and recombination of the complete genome of HPeVs isolated in Thailand. Together with the reference sequences deposited in the GenBank database, the previously identified viruses from our center during January 2009 to January 201228 were subjected to complete genome amplification to retrieve complete coding sequences and to evaluate their phylogenetic, evolutionary relation recombination event. This study has provided an insightful understanding of molecular evolution and recombination in the viral genome that will pave the way for controlling this virus and for investigating a curative strategy in the future
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