Abstract
The present study emphasizes the diversity assessment of marine Bacillus species with special reference to biosurfactant production, respective gene expression, and discrimination among Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis. Among the 200 individual species of eastern coastal plain of Tamil Nadu screened, five biosurfactant producing potential bacterial species with entirely different morphology were selected. Biochemical and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis suggested that all the said five species belong to Bacillus genera but differ in species levels. Biosurfactant of all the five species fluctuates in greater levels with respect to activity as well as to constituents but showed partial similarity to the commercially available surfactin. The expression of srf gene was realized in all of the five species. However, the sfp gene expression was observed only in three species. In conclusion, both B. licheniformis and B. subtilis demonstrate srf gene; nevertheless, sfp gene was expressed only by Bacillus subtilis.
Highlights
Biodiversity is given by a variety of species living on earth resulting from billions of years of evolution
Molecularphylogenetic studies have revealed that the main diversity of life is microbial and it is distributed among three domains: prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and archaea
Zobell marine broth/agar was the media used for the isolation of microbial species according to the standard procedure employed for the isolation and maintenance of marine organisms
Summary
Biodiversity is given by a variety of species living on earth resulting from billions of years of evolution. Molecularphylogenetic studies have revealed that the main diversity of life is microbial and it is distributed among three domains: prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and archaea. The functioning the of whole biosphere depends absolutely on the activities of the microbial world. Because of the continuous exposure to man-made synthetic molecules a large change/reduction in microbial diversity has been realized. Several publications document the effect of chemical pollutants on microbial community structure based on the available sequencing technologies [1]. Metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics, and singlecell sequencing are the approaches providing a view of the community structure (species phylogeny, richness, and distribution) and of the functional (metabolic) potential of a community
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