Abstract
Canine parvovirus (CPV-2) is the causative agent of haemorrhagic gastroenteritis in canids. Three antigenic variants—CPV-2a, CPV-2b and CPV-2c—have been described, which are determined by variations at residue 426 of the VP2 capsid protein. In Colombia, the CPV-2a and CPV-2b antigenic variants have previously been reported through partial VP2 sequencing. Mutations at residues Asn428Asp and Ala514Ser of variant CPV-2a were detected, implying the appearance of a possible new CPV-2a variant in Colombia. The purpose of the present study was to characterise the full VP2 capsid protein in samples from Antioquia, Colombia. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 56 stool samples from dogs showing clinical symptoms of parvoviral disease. Following DNA extraction from the samples, VP2 amplification was performed using PCR and positive samples were sequenced. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses were performed by comparison with the VP2 gene sequences of the different CPV-2 worldwide. VP2 was amplified in 51.8% of the analysed samples. Sequencing and sequence alignment showed that 93.1% of the amplified samples belonged to the new CPV-2a antigenic variant previously. Analysing the amino acid sequences revealed that all CPV-2a contain Ala297Asn mutations, which are related to the South America I clade, and the Ala514Ser mutation, which allows characterization as a new CPV-2a sub-variant. The Colombian CPV-2b variant presented Phe267Tyr, Tyr324Ile and Thr440Ala, which are related to the Asia-I clade variants. The CPV-2c was not detected in the samples. In conclusion, two antigenic CPV-2 variants of two geographically distant origins are circulating in Colombia. It is crucial to continue characterising CPV-2 to elucidate the molecular dynamics of the virus and to detect new CPV-2 variants that could be becoming highly prevalent in the region.
Highlights
Introduction(CPV-2), which causes acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea, primarily in puppies [1]
One of the main infectious agents that affect the canine population is the canine parvovirus type 2(CPV-2), which causes acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea, primarily in puppies [1]
A total of 56 faecal matter samples were collected from dogs that presented clinical symptoms compatible with canine parvovirus, from different veterinary centres located in the department of Antioquia, Colombia
Summary
(CPV-2), which causes acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea, primarily in puppies [1]. The ORF 30 codes for non-structural proteins NS1 and NS2 are important in controlling viral replication and assembly. The ORF 50 codes for structural proteins are termed viral protein 1 (VP1) and 2 (VP2). VP2 is the major component of the viral capsid, which has an icosahedral structure of 60 subunits with a T = 1 symmetry, comprising approximately 4–5 copies of VP1 and 54–55 copies of VP2 [3]. F.; Purpari, G.; Di Bella, S.; Colaianni, M.L.; Schiro, G.; Chiaramonte, G.; Gucciardi, F.; Pisano, P.; Lastra, A.; Decaro, N.; et al Spreading of canine parvovirus type 2c mutants of Asian origin in southern Italy.
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