Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA), an emerging RNA virus, is considered to be associated with porcine idiopathic vesicular disease (PIVD). From February to September 2017, 17 novel SVA strains were isolated from samples with the vesicular disease from Guangdong Province, China. Full-length genomes and individual genes of the 17 new SVA isolates were genetically and phylogentically analyzed. Results showed that complete genomes, VP1, 3C, and 3D genes of these 17 novel SVA isolates revealed 96.5–99.8%, 95.1–99.9%, 95.6–100%, and 96.9–99.7% nucleotides identities, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses based on sequences of full-length genomes, VP1, 3C, and 3D genes indicated that 17 novel SVA isolates separated to three well-defined groups. Meanwhile, phylogenetic analysis for all available Chinese SVA strains demonstrated that 45 Chinese SVA strains clustered into five distinct groups with no significant relationship between strains from different provinces and/or years, including a newly emerging branch in China. This is the first comprehensive study of phylogenetic analysis for all available Chinese SVA strains, indicating the appearance of a new type of SVA strains and the complicated circulations with at least five different types of SVA strains in pigs in China.
Highlights
Senecavirus A (SVA), first discovered as a cell contaminant in 2002, is a non-enveloped, singlestranded and positive-sense RNA virus
Sequence analyses for individual genes of 17 new SVA strains showed that of the 12 genes, VP1, 3C and 3D genes had relatively low identities each with 95.1–99.5%, 95.9–99.7%, and 97–99.7%, while other nine genes were more conserved possessing 99.5–100% nucleotide identities
Based on complete genomes and three individual genes of SVA, our results showed that these 17 new isolates and some other reported Chinese sequences clustered to three distinct groups with no significant relationship between strains from different provinces and/or years
Summary
Senecavirus A (SVA), first discovered as a cell contaminant in 2002, is a non-enveloped, singlestranded and positive-sense RNA virus. It belongs to the family Piconaviridae and is the only member of the genus Senecavirus [1, 2]. After large scale outbreaks of vesicular disease in sows as well as sudden neonatal death loss in Brazil which started at late 2014, SVA is identified to be the etiological agent of porcine idiopathic vesicular disease (PIVD) [3, 4]. There are six countries in Asian and American continents that have documented SVA associated with the vesicular disease in pigs [7,8,9,10,11,12] (Figure 1)
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