Abstract
The phylogenetic position of two validly described species of Thermobacteroides, T. acetoethylicus and T. proteolyticus was determined by sequence analysis of their 16S rDNA. Comparison of the data with those from more than 600 bacterial species indicated that the two species belong to phylogenetically well separated phyla. While T. acetoethylicus fell within the radiation of the Clostridium/Bacillus sub‐phylum, T. proteolyticus is a deep root to the Thermotogales. Hence, the artificial clustering of thermophilic species with Bacteroides‐type characters into the same genus is not justified from a genetic /phylogenetic point of view and highlights the importance of phylogenetic studies prior to the description of new taxa.
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