Abstract
The application of molecular techniques to the study of microbial diversity has changed the face of microbial ecology and opened a new era of microbial molecular ecology. Actinomycetes are gram-positive bacteria frequently filamentous and sporulating with rich G + C content varying from 57 to 75%. These soil microorganisms are well known for their ability to produce a wide variety of secondary metabolites, many of which have potent biological activities. Actinomycetes, particularly Streptomyces spp., account for approximately half of the known biologically active microbial products, including many commercially important antibiotics, immunosuppressive compounds, animal health products and agrochemicals. We have isolated and screened several actinomycete strains from the forest soils of Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary of Kerala state, India for their antimicrobial potential. The strains with promising antibacterial/antifungal properties were characterised following a polyphasic approach, employing molecular and conventional taxonomic tools. The phylogeny and extracellular antimicrobial properties of few potential actinomycete isolates, namely, Streptomyces atroolivaceus TBG-28S1A46 (MTCC 4148), S. clavifer TBG-MNR13 (MTCC 4150), S. setonii TBG-19NRA1 (MTCC 3756) and Streptosporangium nondiastaticum TBG-75A20 (MTCC 4149), are discussed in this communication.
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