Abstract
Passive air sampling (PAS) method has been successfully developed using isotope standards 13C-labeled PCDDs/PCDFs as surrogates on the PUF disks from the beginning of sampling to monitor PCDDs/PCDFs from different sources of pollution, with very different levels of PCDDs/PCDFs in ambient air in the actual conditions of monsoon tropical climates with hot, wet weather and high temperatures in Vietnam. The 13C-labeled PCDD/PCDF surrogates acted as quantitative standards in the seasonal PAS process (spring, summer, autumn, winter) in the North and/or every 3 months in the dry and rainy seasons in the Central. At least 96.9% of all surrogates had the retention efficiencies of 17% to 185% on PUF disks, which were equivalent to that required by US EPA 1613B method for the recovery efficiencies only at sample preparation. This development method was shown to be reliable with 91.6% of the total PCDD/PCDF congeners which their relative percent differences (RPDs) between PCDD/PCDF concentrations on the PUF disks of field duplicates were not exceed 40% and an average RPD of only 7.4% to 30.5% for both PAS process and laboratory analysis.
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