Abstract
Summary Bilateral percutaneous cervical phrenic nerve stimulation (PNS) was used as a method of ventilation intwenty horses under general anesthesia. PNS was maintained for 30 minutes at a rate of 10 breaths per minute. Ten horses were allowed to recover from general anesthesia immediately after the cessation of PNS and the return to spontaneous respiration. In the remaining ten horses cardiovascular and respiratory parameters were compared with thirty minutes of intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV). PNS effectively enabled controlled ventilation, allowing adjustment of rate and tidal volume. Heart rate, mean arterial pressure, systolic and diastolic pressure did not change significantly during PNS. In all horses, end tidal and arterial carbon dioxide diminished significantly (p
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