Abstract
In this paper, we present results concerning the design, the realization and the characterization of a photovoltaic system (PV), equipped with a digital controls: Power Point Tracking (MPPT), charge/discharge lead acid batteries, sun tracker and supervision. These different functions are performed with a microcontroller that has capabilities and functions to the reliability of PV systems (signal generation Pulses Width Modulation (PWM), speed etc.). Concerning the MPPT control operation, we improved the accuracy and reliability of research by improving the search algorithm “Hill Climbing” taking into account the optimal operation of PV panels depending on weather conditions (temperature and light).The experiment of each block shows that the MPPT control converges instantly the operating point of the PV panels around the maximum power point, independently of sudden changes of the illumination or the load. The control blocks charge/discharge battery and sun tracking show good control of charge/discharge lead acid batteries and the need of sun tracker to increase the power supplied by the PV panel. By using the improved MPPT control, loss of power supplied by the PV panels are very low (below 5%).
Highlights
The renewable energy revolution is put forward as a solution to our problems of electrical energy production; one such renewable energy source is via photovoltaic (PV) technology, based on the conversion of sunlight into electricity using PV cells [1]
We have analyzed the operation of the electronic circuit of the sun tracking system in the software simulation of electronic circuits and programmable devices Proteus ISIS, and we identified the different electrical parameters system for a given position (V1 < V2, V3 > V4)
The subsystems and the PV system (PV panel “SP75”, MPPT control, charges/discharge, sun tracking), which were the object of our study are displayed on Figure 13
Summary
The renewable energy revolution is put forward as a solution to our problems of electrical energy production; one such renewable energy source is via photovoltaic (PV) technology, based on the conversion of sunlight into electricity using PV cells [1]. In the majority of PV systems, the major problem is the loss of power supplied by the PV panels because of inaccurate desired maximum power point (MPP) [8,9] In this regard, we are carrying out research on PV systems; precisely control and regulation blocks [8]. In the case of the MPPT functioning control, we propose to improve the accuracy and speed of the research of MPP using the results of the optimal functioning of PV [10] This method allows removing the perturbation of researching PPM when the power-voltage characteristics of PV panels have several maximum follow on effects of shading [11] or disequilibrium of PV cells [12]. We present the description of the system design and different simulated and experimental results of various blocks
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