Abstract
Partial shading is a common problem that affects bus regulation in DC microgrids with several photovoltaic (PV) modules as energy sources, as a result of reduced solar irradiance reaching the modules. The problem can be mitigated by incorporating batteries, but if they are not included, appropriate control strategies must be used. This paper presents a new approach in a PV-based DC microgrid, which provides a high quality bus voltage regulation in islanding mode, without being affected by partial shading or problems associated with PV module connection and disconnection. The solution proposed herein ensures a proper voltage regulation without being affected by problems such as failures in PV modules or mismatch between them. Besides, it can help to prevent PV partial shade stress by disconnecting the modules affected. A further advantage of the approach is the flexibility to connect more PV modules. The advantages of this approach were verified in a 200 W prototype.
Highlights
Nowadays, energy requirements have increased worldwide, and the environmental problems associated with energy production by fossil fuel combustion must be solved with eco-friendly generation techniques
Neither the droop control, which has an inevitable disadvantage of bus voltage deviation, nor a common master-slave control, which requires communication between converters, is able to provide a comprehensive solution to the DC bus regulation together with the partial shading problems or PV module failures with an appropriate control strategy
This paper presents a DC microgrid with PV modules as renewable energy sources (RES) which can tolerate partial shading problems and the connection/disconnection of PV modules
Summary
Energy requirements have increased worldwide, and the environmental problems associated with energy production by fossil fuel combustion must be solved with eco-friendly generation techniques. Distribution, and consumption of energy have become a feasible option to satisfy energy requirements in a sustainable manner with expanding residential applications [1] In this context, the concept of microgrid emerged from the need to incorporate renewable energy sources (RES) into the electric power supply [2]. The configurations help to solve the partial shading problem, in terms of power generation, bus voltage regulation issues remain, especially when the microgrid is isolated and has no storage elements. Neither the droop control, which has an inevitable disadvantage of bus voltage deviation, nor a common master-slave control, which requires communication between converters, is able to provide a comprehensive solution to the DC bus regulation together with the partial shading problems or PV module failures with an appropriate control strategy. The proposed solution is implemented in a digital platform which is used to regulate the dynamic performance of individual units, and to coordinate switching behaviors
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