Abstract
AbstractThis paper introduces a novel reconfiguration technique, called Knight's tour to extract maximum power from photovoltaic (PV) arrays in partial shading conditions. The Knight's tour reconfigures the PV arrays based on the Knight's movements on the chessboard. The proposed procedure achieves the maximum power values by spreading partial shadows in all rows. Knight's tour can be applied to a variety of PV arrays in different dimensions and sizes. Accordingly, the Knight's tour procedure is applied to four cases in square and rectangular shapes with different dimensions and various shading conditions in each case. To make a direct comparison and present the effectiveness of the suggested procedure, the total-cross-tied connection model and conventional methods such as SuDoKu, optimal SuDoKu, improved SuDoKu, and Skyscraper puzzle are also implemented to the introduced cases. The results of the maximum power point tracking in each case are evaluated by indicators such as global maximum power point (GMPP), fill factor, mismatch loss, and efficiency. Finally, evaluations emphasize the ability and effectiveness of the Knight's tour solution compared to other methods by achieving the GMPP values such as $$74.7\,{I}_{m}{V}_{m}$$ 74.7 I m V m , $$66.6\,{I}_{m}{V}_{m}$$ 66.6 I m V m , $$46.8\,{I}_{m}{V}_{m}$$ 46.8 I m V m , and $$109.8\,{I}_{m}{V}_{m}$$ 109.8 I m V m for cases 1 to 4, respectively. The Knight's tour method can be utilized as an efficient tool for the PV arrays in real-world systems that suffer from partial shading.
Highlights
The increasing energy users and the widespread expansion of renewable energy have significantly expanded the distribution of power systems around the world (García Márquez et al 2018)
The Knight's tour technique is presented to extract the maximum power from the PV array in partial shading conditions (PSCs)
The Knight's tour is a chess-based technique that reconfigures the PV arrays based on Knight's movements on the chessboard so that shadows are distributed in all rows and maximum power is extracted
Summary
The increasing energy users and the widespread expansion of renewable energy have significantly expanded the distribution of power systems around the world (García Márquez et al 2018). The direct conversion of solar radiation into electrical energy is one of the most principle technologies in the world (Owusu and Asumadu-Sarkodie 2016; Sadeghian et al 2020) Achieving this important goal and using solar energy as electrical energy is created by a photoelectric effect technology in the photovoltaic (PV) arrays (Shahsavari and Akbari 2018). The multi-track converters technique tracks the maximum power point with the same shading independently for each set of the PV arrays (Dhanalakshmi and Rajasekar 2018; Pillai et al 2018). This technique, due to the use of a large number of converters, is expensive (Sanseverino et al 2015).
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