Abstract
The American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) contains rich antioxidants and has significant health benefits in fighting a variety of human diseases. In the past ten years, cranberry growers have reported yellow vine syndrome, which is associated with reduced photosynthetic performance, in the cranberry bogs. It has been found that the yellow vine syndrome of cranberry is associated with nutritional imbalance; it might be an issue for cranberry quality and food security as well as the crop production. This review evaluates the present state of knowledge of yellow vine syndrome, together with recent advances that are resulting from an improved mechanistic understanding and a possible solution that will be of considerable value to cranberry growers. This review also includes results from the author’s own laboratory. Water stress, nutritional imbalance, and photoinhibition are the likely reasons for producing yellow vine of cranberry. Future endeavors should be placed on the combination of genetic, biochemical, and biophysical techniques at the molecular level and plant physiology at the field and greenhouse level. This may provide specific information in order to understand the molecular details of yellow vine of cranberry as well as a tool for guiding future breeding efforts and management practices.
Highlights
The American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) is a long-lived woody evergreen trailing vine and grows in temperate climate zones in United States and Canada
The most amazing chemistry is embodied in the water splitting reaction, which occurs in the photosystem II (PS II) protein complex embedded in the thylakoid membranes of higher plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria [22,23,24]
The result was in line with the data of yellow vine leaves, which was 26~28% less in chlorophyll than the normal leaves revealed by spectrometric and HPLC analysis
Summary
The American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) is a long-lived woody evergreen trailing vine and grows in temperate climate zones in United States and Canada. In Massachusetts, cranberry is an important horticultural crop that has been cultivated on approximately 14,000 acres [1]. The production and quality of cranberries may be affected by long-term or short-term environmental stress, such as water, temperature, humidity, nutrient, and light intensity. Cranberry growers observed yellow vine syndrome, which produced yellow coloration along the leaf margins while the area along the vein remained green (Figure 1). Each year numerous reports of yellow vine syndrome of cranberry were received from cranberry growers in Massachusetts, USA [21]. The molecular mechanism for developing yellow vine syndrome in cranberries has been poorly studied and is largely unknown. Complete understanding of the mechanisms of yellow vine syndrome development in cranberry plants may offer an opportunity to minimize its effect. The recent advances in probing the mechanism for the formation of yellow vine syndrome, possible solutions and future efforts have been summarized and discussed
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