Abstract
AbstractThe photosulfochlorination process has been used in earlier works to produce n‐alkane sulfonates. In this work, this process was applied for the first time on lauric and myristic fatty acids, leading to methyl ester sulfonates (MESs). The operating conditions were optimized and the isolation method described. Apart from the known advantages of this reaction, namely the use of sulfuryl chloride, the visible light and short reaction time, this process led to a clear mono‐sulfonate products and thus allowed avoiding the bleaching step. The chemical composition of these surfactants was determined and their structures characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry and proton nuclear magnetic resonance. The physicochemical properties of these surfactants such as surface tension, critical micelle concentration, maximum surface excess and minimum area per molecule of surfactant at the air/water interface were determined. The Krafft point was determined experimentally and compared to the MES literature data. The experimental and calculated hydrophilic–lipophilic balance values obtained compared well. The foaming power using Bartsch's method was presented and the results obtained compared to those of similar structures and those of sodium dodecyl sulfate.
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