Photostability, cytotoxicity, and photothermal impact of AgNPs, CoAgNC, and IOAgNC on HEp-2 laryngeal carcinoma cells

Abstract

Magnetic nanoparticles have shown promise in various medical applications, including cancer treatment and diagnostics. The objective of this study is to attain mastery over the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), Cobalt silver nanocomposite (CoAgNC) and magnetite silver nanocomposite (IOAgNC), while also examining their photostability, cytotoxicity, and photothermal impact on Human Laryngeal Carcinoma Cell line (HEp-2). The preparation and characterization of AgNPs, CoAgNC, and IOAgNC were described, including the assessment of their photostability and cytotoxicity on HEp-2 cell line. The photostability of these nanomaterials was determined by subjecting them to different light sources, while their morphology and magnetic properties were characterized using a spectrophotometer, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The results of the characterization of AgNPs, CoAgNC, and IOAgNC showed that the prepared nanomaterials have distinct optical and morphological properties. The synthesized nanomaterials were stable in aqueous solutions and exhibited magnetic properties. The cytotoxicity tests on HEp-2 cells showed that the nanomaterials were not toxic in the dark, but their toxicity increased under light exposure, with IOAgNC showing the most significant toxicity. CoAgNC was found to be photostable under UV light and Light Emitting Diode (LED) irradiation due to the little lattice mismatch between cobalt and silver. Nanocomposite systems of high magnetic moment, such as IOAgNC and CoAgNC, have potential for tumor treatment through magnetic fluid hyperthermia. The photostability, chemical stability, and biocompatibility of AgNPs, CoAgNC, and IOAgNC were investigated and found to be non-toxic even at high concentrations. These nanomaterials have multiple optical and magnetic functionalities and are promising candidates for biomedical applications.