Abstract
AbstractThis chapter describes the photosensitizing properties of the colored compounds generated in the human lens during aging and their effect on the proteasomal system. All the experiments were performed using UVA-visible light and a low oxygen concentration, which corresponds to the actual condition in this tissue. The colored and cross-linked lens proteins, which are increasingly generated as a function of aging, do not undergo additional cross-linking when exposed to UVA-visible light under a low oxygen pressure. The photosensitized damage observed in these conditions is restricted to oxidation processes located near the chromophore. Interestingly, a glucose-derived chromophore with identical spectral and chromatographic properties as those found in one of the components of the water-soluble fractions of cataractous human eye lenses produces increased protein oxidation and protein cross-linking when lens proteins were exposed to UVA-visible light under a 5 % oxygen atmosphere. In addition, increased proteasome peptidase activity was observed. The behavior of this protective system in human lenses corresponding to various age groups is also described in this chapter.KeywordsEye lens agingCataractCarbohydrates degradationPhotosensitized reactionsProteasome
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