Abstract
Apoptosis or necrosis of neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) is thehallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases and Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). Theinability to regenerate in CNS offers little hope for naturally repairing the damagedneurons. However, with the rapid development of new technologies, regenerative medicineoffers great promises to patients with these disorders. Among many events for furtheradvancement of regenerative medicine, extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a critical role forcellular migration and differentiation. To develop a biocompatible and electricallyconductive substrate that can be potentially used to promote growth and regeneration ofneurons and to record intracellular and multisite signals from brain as a probe, a polymericprecursor – SPR 220.7 was fabricated by pyrolysis at temperatures higher than 700 oC.Human Neuroblastoma cells - SK-N-MC, SY5Y, mouse teratocarcinoma cells P-19 and ratPC12 cells were found to attach and proliferate on photoresist derived carbon film.Significantly, neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells induced by NGF was demonstrated byobserving cell shape and size, and measuring the length of neurites under SEM. Our resultsindicated that fabricated carbon could potentially be explored in regenerative medicine forpromoting neuronal growth and differentiation in CNS with neurodegeneration.
Highlights
Millions of lives are influenced by loss of neuronal function as a consequence of neurodegeneration or injury to the neuronal pathway of the central or peripheral nervous system
We investigated the potentiality of carbon as a resultant of pyrolysis of polymeric precursor- SPR 220.7 for in vivo applications by culturing several human and rodent neuronal cells lines including neuroblastoma (SK-N-MC, SY5Y), carcinoma (P-19), and PC-12 cells in vitro
Conducted study provides the first implication that photoresist derived carbon may be explored as one of the options for promoting initial cell response that may lead to the future design of neural implants
Summary
Millions of lives are influenced by loss of neuronal function as a consequence of neurodegeneration or injury to the neuronal pathway of the central or peripheral nervous system. Current efforts at solving this problem include nerve grafting and surgical suturing These procedures are limited by the availability of donor tissue, donor site morbidity, multiple surgeries and partial recovery [1]. Tissue engineering offers various engineered biodegradable and non-biodegradable templates for regeneration of severed neurons. These engineered constructs are a promising alternative due to their mechanical strength, biocompatibility and chemical inertness. A variety of natural materials such as laminin, fibronectin and collagen are employed to improve the efficacy of these substrates [2,3,4] These materials induce undesirable immune response and lack mechanical stability
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