Photoprotection of Buddleja cordata extract against UVB-induced skin damage in SKH-1 hairless mice.

José Guillermo Avila Acevedo,Saul Flores Maya,Tzasna Hernández Delgado,Ana María García Bores,Diana Matamoros De Maria Y Campos,Jorge Campos Contreras,José Del Carmen Benitez Flores,Adriana Montserrat Espinosa González,José Luis Muñoz López

doi:10.1186/1472-6882-14-281

Abstract

BackgroundIn recent years, there has been considerable interest in using botanical agents to prevent skin damage resulting from solar UV-irradiation. Buddleja cordata is a plant that is known as “tepozan”. Some people in Mexico use the leaves of this plant to treat tumours, abscesses, sores and burns. The purpose of this study is to investigate the photoprotective properties of Buddleja cordata methanolic extract (BCME) against UVB-induced skin damage in SKH-1 hairless mice at the macroscopic and histological levels.MethodsBCME was characterised to determine its spectroscopic, chromatographic and antioxidant (DPPH, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals) properties. To conduct the photoprotection studies, BCME was applied topically to the skin of SKH-1 mice before acute exposure to UVB for 10 minutes. The murine skin samples were used for macroscopic and histological studies to assess tissue damage. Penetration of active components of BCME into stratum corneum on the dorsal area of mice was investigated in vivo by the tape stripping method. Moreover, genotoxicity of BCME was evaluated in a Vicia faba cell root micronucleus model.ResultsBCME displayed absorbance over the entire UVB spectrum, and its principal components included verbascoside and linarin. BCME exhibited antioxidant activity and significantly scavenged hydroxyl radicals. BCME reduced erythema, sunburn cell production, vessel congestion and epidermal thickening of UVB irradiated mouse skin. BCME penetrate the skin of mice. BCME did not exhibit genotoxic activity in the micronucleus test.ConclusionThe topical administration of BCME protected against acute UVB-induced damage in mouse SKH-1 skin, and our results suggest that BCME may potentially prevent photodamage.

Highlights

In recent years, there has been considerable interest in using botanical agents to prevent skin damage resulting from solar UV-irradiation
These data indicated that Buddleja cordata methanolic extract (BCME) absorbed all of the UV-B irradiation and displayed a sunscreen effect because the UVB irradiation is the primary cause of erythema
This study is the first report describing the topical administration of BCME, and it was found to protect against UVB-induced skin damage in SKH-1 mice

Summary

Introduction

There has been considerable interest in using botanical agents to prevent skin damage resulting from solar UV-irradiation. When absorbed by the skin, UVB is able to induce photochemical damage by forming cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and pyrimidine (6–4) pyrimidone photoproducts in the DNA of epidermal cells These photoproducts are the predominant pre-mutagenic events responsible for the initiation of non-melanoma cancers of the skin [2]. UVB may initiate the activation of many reactive oxygen species (ROS)-sensitive signalling pathways, thereby causing an increase in the cellular levels of ROS [4] This increase in oxidative stress results in an imbalance between ROS and the skin’s endogenous antioxidant defence system and results in damage to important molecular structures in the cells of the skin, such as DNA, proteins and lipids [5]. Many photochemoprotective agents have recently been identified from botanical origins and hold promissory value to combat UVR exposure [7]

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