Photoprotection and Photostability of a New Lignin-Gelatin-Baccharis antioquensis-Based Hybrid Biomaterial.

Juan C Scaiano,Juan C Mejía-Giraldo,Miguel A Puertas-Mejía,Cecilia Gallardo-Cabrera

doi:10.3390/antiox10121904

Juan C Scaiano, Juan C Mejía-Giraldo + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10121904

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to develop a new hybrid biomaterial that could photo-stabilize and improve the photoprotective capacity of a Baccharis antioquensis extract. Different combinations of lignin/gelatin/natural extract were applied to prepare hybrid biomaterial nanoparticles (NPs), which were then incorporated into an emulsion. The in vitro photoprotection and photostability were evaluated. The methanolic extract showed high phenolic content (646.4 ± 9.5 mg GAE/g dry extract) and a DPPH radical assay revealed that the antiradical capacity of the extract (0.13 to 0.05 g extract/mmol DPPH) was even better than that of BHT. The particle size of the hybrid biomaterial ranged from 100 to 255 nm; a polydispersity index (PdI) between 0.416 and 0.788 is suitable for topical use in dermocosmetic products. The loading capacity of the extract ranged from 27.0 to 44.5%, and the nanoparticles (NPs) showed electrostatic stability in accordance with the zeta potential value. We found that the formulation based on lignin: extract (1:1 ratio) and gelatin: lignin: extract (0.5:0.5:1 ratio) demonstrated photoprotection qualities with a sun protection factor (SPF) ranging from 9.4 to 22.6. In addition, all the hybrid NP-formulations were time-stable with %SPFeff and %UVAPFeff greater than 80% after exposure to 2 h of radiation. These results suggest that the hybrid biopolymer-natural extract improved the photoprotection and photostability properties, as well as the antiradical capacity, of the B. antioquensis extract, and may be useful for trapping high polyphenol content from natural extracts, with potential application in cosmeceutical formulations.

Highlights

There is a limited number of organic synthetic UV filters, which have been used as active ingredients in sunscreens
An increase in the yield percentage from 27.65 ± 1.28 to 35.5 ± 2.1% was obtained; the total phenolic content (TPC) increased from 277.3 ± 7.6 to 646.4 ± 9.5 mg GAE per g dry extract and the antiradical capacity was improved from 0.13 ± 0.01 to 0.05 ± 0.01 g extract mmol−1 DPPH, which was even better than the antiradical capacity of butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT) (0.11 ± 0.01 g of antioxidant mmol−1 DPPH)
In our previous research [12], we evidenced the antioxidant capacity of B. antioquensis extracts through a DPPH radical assay as well as through the oxidation of methyl linoleate, considering that linoleic acid is one of the main components of lipid membranes within cells

Summary

Introduction

There is a limited number of organic synthetic UV filters, which have been used as active ingredients in sunscreens. Some of them can promote the formation of reactive intermediates, such as free radicals, which compromises their safety and efficacy [1]. Their photolysis products could generate photo-contact dermatitis [2]. TiO2 nanoparticles are involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through exposure to UVR [4,5]. Enriched extracts containing an effective mixture of compounds are an alternative method through which to produce broadspectrum sunscreens. These organic filters could be photodegradable, and some

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