Photoperiodic effects on puberty and specific 2-[ 125I]iodomelatonin binding sites in Siberian hamsters

Abstract

When juvenile male Siberian hamsters are transferred from a long photoperiod to a short photoperiod, sexual maturation is greatly delayed by a pineal-dependent process. We hypothesized that the eventual onset of puberty during short photoperiod exposure may be caused by a loss of receptors for the pineal hormone, melatonin. This study quantitated specific 2-[ 125I]iodomelatonin binding sites in the suprachiasmatic nuclei and pars tuberalis of Siberian hamsters exposed to short photoperiod (10 h light per day) for either 12 or 30 weeks and in hamsters exposed to long photoperiod (16 h light per day) for the same time intervals. Photoperiodic exposure significantly affected testes weight. The hamsters exposed to long photoperiod for either 12 or 30 weeks had mean testes weights > 700 mg, in contrast to hamsters in short photoperiod for 12 weeks (mean testes weights < 30 mg) or 30 weeks (mean testes weights approximately 350 mg). The affinity of specific 2-[ 125I]iodomelatonin binding sites in both regions was significantly lower in hamsters exposed to short photoperiod as compared to hamster exposed to long photoperiod, at either 12 or 30 weeks. In contrast, there were no effects of photoperiod or duration of exposure on the density of specific 2-[ 125I]iodomelatonin binding sites in either the suprachiasmatic nuclei or the pars tuberalis. Furthermore, a change in the affinity of the specific 2-[ 125I]iodomelatonin binding sites in the suprachiasmatic nuclei was observed between the hamsters housed in short photoperiod for 12 weeks (sexually immature) and the hamsters housed in short photoperiod for 30 weeks (undergoing puberty). These results demonstrate that although the onset of puberty after long-term exposure to short photopoeriod does not involve a loss of specific 2-[ 125I]iodomelatonin binding sites in the suprachiasmatic nuclei or pars tuberalis, it is associated with a decrease in the affinity of specific 2-[ 125I]iodomelatonin binding sites in these regions.