Abstract
The flowering response of two cultivars of wheat, oats, rye, Polish rape, Argentine rape, flax, sorghum, and soybeans to photoperiods between 12 and 24 h at 1-h intervals was studied in controlled environment cabinets. The results indicated that in long-day species, the relationship between time to heading or first flower and photoperiod was linear and decreased as photoperiod increased to the minimum optimal photoperiod (MOP). Within the range of optimal photoperiods, the number of days to heading or flowering was constant and provided a measure of the length of the basic vegetative phase (BVP). The slope of the response line obtained in non-optimal photoperiods provided an estimate of photoperiod sensitivity. The three characteristics, MOP, BVP, and photoperiod sensitivity, were equally valid for the short-day species except that as daylength increased, there was a linear increase in time to flowering as daylength increased above a maximum optimal photoperiod (MOP). For three of four short-day cultivars, there was also a critical photoperiod above which flowering occurred in a constant number of days. Data suggest separate genetic controls for each of the response characteristics.
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