Abstract
Quantum simulators are controllable quantum systems that can be used to mimic other quantum systems. They have the potential to enable the tackling of problems that are intractable on conventional computers. The photonic quantum technology available today is reaching the stage where significant advantages arise for the simulation of interesting problems in quantum chemistry, quantum biology and solid-state physics. In addition, photonic quantum systems also offer the unique benefit of being mobile over free space and in waveguide structures, which opens new perspectives to the field by enabling the natural investigation of quantum transport phenomena. Here, we review recent progress in the field of photonic quantum simulation, which should break the ground towards the realization of versatile quantum simulators. Quantum optics has played an important role in the exploration of foundational issues in quantum mechanics, and in using quantum effects for information processing and communications purposes. Photonic quantum systems now also provide a valuable test bed for quantum simulations. This article surveys the first generation of such experiments, and discusses the prospects for tackling outstanding problems in physics, chemistry and biology.
Highlights
Quantum simulators are controllable quantum systems that can be used to mimic other quantum systems and are being able to tackle problems that are intractable on conventional computers
We review recent progress in the field of photonic quantum simulation, which should break the ground towards the realization of versatile quantum simulators
About two thousand years ago, the Greeks built orreries, mechanical devices constructed to simulate the classical dynamics of planetary motion
Summary
Quantum technology offers the opportunity of simulating systems of scientific and technical relevance by mapping their dynamics to those of controllable quantum devices, such as photonic quantum optics
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