Abstract
A generalized optical filterless approach to achieve photonic generation of frequency 16-tupling millimeter-wave (mm-wave) signal based on two cascaded dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators (DPMZMs) is presented. A theoretical analysis leading to the operating conditions to achieve frequency 16-tupling is developed. Different modulation indices (MIs) can be implemented to achieve the frequency multiplication by adjusting the delay of tunable optical delay line (TODL). It is confirmed by simulation that the proposed scheme is effective, and the radio frequency spurious suppression ratio (RFSSR) of the generated frequency 16-tupling signal can be as high as 40 dB when the sub-MZMs have extinction ratios of 30 dB. Influencing factors such as extinction ratio, DC bias drift, phase shift deviation and RF voltage deviation on the performance of optical sideband suppression ratio (OSSR) and RFSSR are also investigated.
Highlights
Microwave generation by photonic techniques has been intensively investigated for the advantages of low phase noise, high frequency and wide frequency tunability [1] [2]
It is confirmed by simulation that the proposed scheme is effective, and the radio frequency spurious suppression ratio (RFSSR) of the generated frequency 16-tupling signal can be as high as 40 dB when the sub-Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) have extinction ratios of 30 dB
The modulation indices (MIs) is set as 2.405 to suppress the carrier, and the time delay of the tunable optical delay line (TODL) is set as 11/160 ns, an Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) with gain of 15 dB and noise figure of 4 dB is placed after DPMZM1, and another EDFA with gain of 25 dB and noise figure of 4 dB is placed after DPMZM2, the average receiving optical signal power of PD appropriates −4 dBm
Summary
Microwave generation by photonic techniques has been intensively investigated for the advantages of low phase noise, high frequency and wide frequency tunability [1] [2]. A frequency 12-tupling scheme was proposed by using a DPMZM, a semiconductor optical amplifier and an optical inter-leaver (IL) [13], the OSSR was 30 dB for the generated optical signal after the IL, the system was complicated, and the IL worked as an OF which limited the utilization for wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) systems. An optical filterless scheme based on three parallel MZMs was proposed to achieve multiplication factors as high as 12 and 18 with RFSSRs as 50 dB and 32 dB respectively [14], the scheme was hard to practically utilize for the same reason that the MIs should be 5.520 and 9.761 respectively. A generalized approach to generate 16-tupling mm-wave signal using two cascaded DPMZMs is presented. Optical mm-wave signals with frequencies up to 640 GHz can be achieved by the proposed scheme if two commercially available 40 GHz DPMZMs and a wide enough bandwidth PD are employed
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