Photonic engineering providing conditions for direct exciton macroscopic coherence at elevated temperatures

Abstract

The possibility to observe a macroscopically coherent state in a gas of two-dimensional direct excitons at temperatures up to tens of Kelvin is described. The dramatic increase of the exciton lifetime allowing effective thermalization is predicted for the o_-resonant cavities that strongly suppress exciton recombination. The material systems considered are single GaAs quantum wells of different thicknesses and a transition metal dichalcogenide monolayer, embedded in a layered medium with subwavelength period. The quantum hydrodynamic approach combined with the Bogoliubov description yield the one-body density matrix of the system. Employing the Kosterlitz-Thouless “dielectric screening” problem to account for vortices, we obtain the superfluid and the condensate densities and the critical temperature of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless crossover, for all geometries in consideration. Experimentally observable many fold increase of the photoluminescence intensity from the structure as it is cooled below the critical temperature is predicted.