Abstract
In this paper, multiple photonic crystal (PC) structures are proposed to improvethree-dimensional (3D) self-collimation performance, including two 3D PCs (tetragonallattice structures and a complex hexagonal lattice structure) and two two-dimensional (2D)PCs (triangular lattice structures and kagome lattice structures) with out-of-planeorientation. Different design strategies are investigated and compared in terms of theresulting self-collimation performance. Several desired 3D properties are numericallyrealized for the first time, including broadband 3D self-collimation, omnidirectional beamconfinement and broadband omnidirectional self-collimation. These developments canenable future self-collimation applications, such as multiplexers, PC core fibers and solarlight collection.
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