Abstract
Photonic crystal (PhC) waveguides and cavities are widely used structures for enhancement of output for photonic integrated devices. In this paper, we have presented a numerical investigation of light flow in two-dimensional PhC waveguides and cavities. The geometry of waveguide and cavities depends on the type of lattice structure, the position and width of defect crystal, the refractive index of crystal, background medium, operating wavelength and the branching-point. The planar waveguide, quadratic T and cross waveguide, triangular split waveguide, hybrid waveguide and hexagonal cavity structure are modeled with RSoft FullWAVE simulation tool based on Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method. The PhC lattice structure band diagram indicates one Transverse Electric (TE) mode and one Transverse Magnetic (TM) mode in the free space wavelength of 1550nm. The maximum light/power confinement acheived at the output section of waveguide and cavities is 95.4%.
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