Abstract
The paper presents a fiber optic impulsive pressure wave sensor, wherein the active element is a small portion of a polarization maintaining photonic crystal fiber (PM-PCF) segment inserted in a Sagnac loop filter (SLF). The sensitive element in the form of a small loop (5 × 7 mm) was created in the sensing head consisting of a carbon tube and a segment of a PM-PCF placed inside it. The SLF was connected to a tunable, uniform fiber Bragg grating (FBG) in such a way, that it created a spectrum shift demodulator. The produced sensor was applied to measure impulsive pressure waves generated by a low voltage electric discharge in water. For a discharge of a capacitor charged to a voltage of 400 V, the measured pressure pulse had an amplitude of 4.52(18) MPa, a duration of 4.82(3) μs and a rise time of 0.98(3) μs. The parameters of the measured pressure pulses correspond well with results of measurements of pressure pulses generated by the same type of discharge and obtained using an elastic bar with strain gauges installed on it and the technique of signal reconstruction. The proposed sensor is easy to build and use, and is insensitive to changes of water temperature and the electromagnetic pulse generated by the electric discharge.
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