Photonic crystal-based biosensor for detection of human red blood cells parasitized by plasmodium falciparum

Ali Rashidnia,Hassan Pakarzadeh,Mohsen Hatami,Natesan Ayyanar

doi:10.1007/s11082-021-03421-w

Ali Rashidnia, Hassan Pakarzadeh + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-021-03421-w

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Abstract

In this paper, a biosensors based on a two-dimensional photonic crystal (2D PhC) waveguide including a ring resonator is designed and simulated based on refractive index changes of red blood cells. The proposed biosensor structure consists of an elliptical photonic crystal ring resonator and two linear waveguides containing silicon nitride rods in a 2D rectangular lattice with circular rods. The biosensor is utilized to detect the stages of the Plasmodium falciparum cycle in red blood cells and to diagnose malaria disease. The proposed design distinguishes with high sensitivity between normal red blood cells and cells infected with Plasmodium falciparum. This biosensor is very compact, consists of gold rods in the air background and works very well at two input central wavelengths of 0.514 and 1.55 μm. The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is used to simulate and investigate the device. The biosensor is extremely compact which is very suitable for lab-on-chip applications and exhibits higher sensitivity at both input central wavelengths compared with that of previously reported sensors.

Highlights

Malaria is a dangerous human disease that is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children as well as adults in endemic countries
finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) calculations are confirmed by comparing the results with the Plane wave expansion (PWE) method for rectangular lattice of silicon (n=3.46) rods without defect in Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer with the same lattice constant and rod radius
Plane wave expansion (PWE) method was performed with optiFDTD software

Summary

Introduction

Malaria is a dangerous human disease that is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children as well as adults in endemic countries. The proposed biosensor structure was optimized by changing the radius of the gold rods adjacent to the ring resonator and the output and input waveguides, as well as the silicon nitride rods.

Results

Conclusion