Abstract
Abstract Battery technology is a key component in current electric vehicle applications and an important building block for upcoming smart grid technologies. The performance of batteries depends largely on quality control during their production process. Defects introduced in the production of electrodes can lead to degraded performance and, more importantly, to short circuits in final cells, which is highly safety-critical. In this paper, we propose an inspection system architecture that can detect defects, such as missing coating, agglomerates, and pinholes on coated electrodes. Our system is able to acquire valuable production quality control metrics, like surface roughness. By employing photometric stereo techniques (PS), a shape from shading algorithm, our system surmounts difficulties that arise while optically inspecting the black to dark gray battery coating materials. We present in detail the acquisition concept of the proposed system architecture, and analyze its acquisition-, as well as, its surface reconstruction performance in experiments. We carry these out utilizing two different implementations that can operate at a production speed of up to 2000 mm/s at a resolution of 50 µm per pixel. In this work we aim to provide a system architecture that can provide a reliable contribution to ensuring optimal performance of produced battery cells.
Highlights
Battery technology is an integral part in the development of upcoming sustainable energy storage, energy distribution and electric mobility [1]
We present an optical inspection system that can facilitate quality assurance in the coating process of anode and cathode foils that serve as building blocks for battery cells at production speeds of up to 2000 mm/s at an optical resolution of 50 μm/px by means of photometric stereo surface reconstruction
In this paper we have presented a combined hardware/software system architecture for the inline inspection of battery electrodes that utilizes state of the art photometric stereo algorithms to provide surface structure information at speed of up to 2000 mm/s with a resolution of 50 μm/px
Summary
Battery technology is an integral part in the development of upcoming sustainable energy storage, energy distribution and electric mobility [1]. Electrode material is produced in the so-called coating process, in which electrochemically active material is applied onto a metal substrate foil. A material commonly chosen for cathodes, is nickel manganese cobalt (NMC) on aluminium substrate. Such cathodes exhibit a deep black texture, as shown in. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.
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