Abstract
Instant measurement of elevated biomarkers such as lactic acid offers the most promising approaches for early treatment and prevention of many critical diseases including cardiac arrest, stroke, septic shock, trauma, liver dysfunction, as well as for monitoring lactic acid level during intense exercise. In the present study, a unique dependence of visible photoluminescence of Eu3+ ions resulting from 5 D0 to 7 FJ(J = 0,1,2,3,4) transitions, which can be exploited for rapid detection of biomarkers, both in vitro and ex vivo, has been reported. It is observed that the integrated intensity ratio of photoluminescence signals dominating at 591 and 616 nm originating from 5 D0 to 7 F2 and 5 D0 to 7 F1 transitions in Eu3+ ions can be used as a biosensing and bioimaging tool for detection of biomarkers released at disease states. The Eu3+ integrated photoluminescence intensity ratio approach reported herein for optical detection of lactates in blood serum, plasma and confocal imaging of brain tissues has very high potential for exploitation of this technique in both in vitro monitoring and in vivo bioimaging applications for the detection of biomarkers in various diseases states.
Highlights
Chronic diseases such as cancer, ischemic heart disease, diabetes, stroke and lung disorders are among the top 10 causes of morbidity in the world [1]
We report a novel methodology for analyzing Eu3+ ions conjugated with lactic acid in aqueous medium and rodent’s brain tissue based on a photoluminescence intensity ratio (PLIR) approach using fluorescence measurements in the yellow and red wavelengths
Phosphate buffer saline (PBS), Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s Medium/Ham’s Nutrient mixture F12 (DMEM), antibiotics (Penicillin-Streptomycin), L-glutamine, NaOH pellets (99.99%), HCl (36%-38%), lactic acid solution (85%), Tris(tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane) buffer (99.9%) and poly-D-lysine hydrobromide were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Dorset, UK), while fetal bovine serum (FBS) of South American Origin was obtained from Labtech.com
Summary
Chronic diseases such as cancer, ischemic heart disease, diabetes, stroke and lung disorders are among the top 10 causes of morbidity in the world [1]. We report a novel methodology for analyzing Eu3+ ions conjugated with lactic acid in aqueous medium and rodent’s brain tissue based on a photoluminescence intensity ratio (PLIR) approach using fluorescence measurements in the yellow and red wavelengths This method can be employed to other biomarkers as well. Our investigation focuses on the following aspects: (1) evaluation of the cytotoxicity of europium nitrates [Eu (NO3)3] on human primary cells, (2) determination of pHdependent absorption spectra and PL excitation spectra of Euconjugated lactic acid, (3) analysis of the relative intensities of PL emissions of the Eu3+ ions results from 5D0 to 7F1 and 5D0 to 7F2 energy-level transitions occurring in the yellowish red region of the electromagnetic spectrum and (4) determination of the PLIR of the above 2 transitions as an approach for imaging lactates in biological samples and rodent tissues
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
