Abstract
For the first time, refractive-index changes are described which are due to laser irradiation in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer composed of TiO 2 -doped silica optical waveguides on an Si substrate. A maximum refractive-index change of about 1.0×10 -5 is obtained around 1.5 μm at an Ar + laser throughput power of 2.1 W and an irradiation time of 1 h even though the concentration of TiO 2 is very low (about 0.3 mol.%)
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