Abstract
ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to use facial analysis to determine the effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on nasal morphology in children in the stages of primary and mixed dentition, with posterior cross-bite. Material and MethodsFacial photographs (front view and profile) of 60 patients in the pre-expansion period, immediate post-expansion period and one year following rapid maxillary expansion with a Haas appliance were evaluated on 2 occasions by 3 experienced orthodontists independently, with a 2-week interval between evaluations. The examiners were instructed to assess nasal morphology and had no knowledge regarding the content of the study. Intraexaminer and interexaminer agreement (assessed using the Kappa statistic) was acceptable. ResultsFrom the analysis of the mode of the examiners' findings, no alterations in nasal morphology occurred regarding the following aspects: dorsum of nose, alar base, nasal width of middle third and nasal base. Alterations were only detected in the nasolabial angle in 1.64% of the patients between the pre-expansion and immediate post-expansion photographs. In 4.92% of the patients between the immediate post-expansion period and 1 year following expansion; and in 6.56% of the patients between the pre-expansion period and one year following expansion. ConclusionRME performed on children in stages of primary and mixed dentition did not have any impact on nasal morphology, as assessed using facial analysis.
Highlights
AND LITERATURE REVIEW0D[LOODU\ DWUHVLD FDQ EH FRUUHFWHG ZLWK RUWKRSHGLF H[SDQVLRQ LQ D SURFHGXUH NQRZQ DV UDSLG PD[LOODU\ expansion (Figure 1)[12]
Photographic assessment of nasal morphology following rapid maxillary expansion in children resistance . 10,13,25-27 Studies employing acoustic rhinometry corroborate the increase in volume RI WKH QDVDO FDYLW\ IROORZLQJ 50( ZLWK VLJQL¿FDQW YDULDWLRQV LQ QDVDO UHVLVWDQFH ZLWK DQG ZLWKRXW surgical assistance (LeFort I) in adult patients[1,5,7,9,19]
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Summary
0D[LOODU\ DWUHVLD FDQ EH FRUUHFWHG ZLWK RUWKRSHGLF H[SDQVLRQ LQ D SURFHGXUH NQRZQ DV UDSLG PD[LOODU\ expansion (Figure 1)[12]. During this procedure, the halves of the maxilla are pushed apart in a pendulous manner in both the horizontal and frontal directions. Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) causes a variable increase in the ZLGWK RI WKH QDVDO FDYLW\ DQG YROXPH HVSHFLDOO\ LQ WKH ORZHU DQG DQWHULRU UHJLRQ3,6,8,12,13,16,18,20,24. Photographic assessment of nasal morphology following rapid maxillary expansion in children resistance . The assessment of the behavior of the intercanthal distance (measured on a frontal facial photograph)[4] KDV UHYHDOHG DQ LQVLJQL¿FDQW LQFUHDVH LQ DGXOWV ZLWK VXUJLFDOO\ DVVLVWHG H[SDQVLRQ DV ZHOO DV LQ SUHDGROHVFHQWV VXEPLWWHG WR RUWKRSHGLF H[SDQVLRQ WKHUHE\ FRQ¿UPLQJ WKH UHODWLYH VWDELOLW\ of the base of the skull during maxillary expansion
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