Abstract
Titania/titanium (TiO 2/Ti) electrodes with tailored surface structure have been fabricated by galvanostatic–potentiostatic anodization process. Highly ordered titania nanotubes array can be prepared by electrolyzing titanium foil at 20 V for 40 min in HF–H 3PO 4 electrolyte. Comparatively, micro-structured and crystallized TiO 2 multiporous film can be prepared at 20–40 V for 6 h in H 2SO 4–H 3PO 4–H 2O 2–HF electrolyte. The morphological characteristics and crystal behaviors of both nanotubular and micro-structured TiO 2 films are investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction measurement. Photoelectrochemical properties of TiO 2/Ti film electrodes are examined by anodic photocurrent response and cyclic voltammetry measurement. Photocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic application are investigated by using either nanotubular TiO 2/Ti thin-film or micro-structured TiO 2/Ti thick-film electrodes as photoanodes for recalcitrant organic pollutant degradation.
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