Abstract
To further improve the TiO2 photocatalytic process for water treatment, a nanotube Ti/TiO2 electrode (Ti/TiO2-NT) was prepared by anodizing Ti foil in non-aqueous solution inside the voltage range of 35–55 V. The structural and surface morphology of the Ti/TiO2 electrode were examined by X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electronic microscopy, respectively. The nanotube formation rate was influenced by the anodization voltage which affected its morphology. It was observed that the nanotube formation rate increased by increasing the anodizing voltage. The photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) and photocatalytic (PC) oxidation of acid green 50 (AG50) in aqueous solution using the Ti/TiO2-NT electrode were studied and compared. The results demonstrate that PEC oxidation, at all applied potentials between the Ti/TiO2-NT electrode and carbon graphite electrode, highly enhanced the degradation rate of AG50 compared to PC oxidation. Therefore, the application of a potential in the PC process (PEC) favorably influences the performance of the PC process. The PEC oxidation of AG50 under the application of a potential followed apparent first order kinetics. Nanotube photocatalytic reactivity was influenced by annealing temperature and applied potential at fixed pH of the solution. It was found that the best performance of PEC oxidation was achieved by applying an electrical bias of 1.0 V or 1.2 V.
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