Abstract
Optogenetics is a fast developing science that combines gene biology and optics to new research fields in neuroscience and cell biology. In the introduction a short literature update of optogenetic tools is given with some emphasis on rhodopsin and flavin based optogenetic tools. Then the BLUF coupled photoactivated adenylyl cyclases (PACs) are discussed (BLUF=Blue Light sensor Using FAD). The primary photo-dynamics of the BLUF domains is described. A BLUF domain photocycle scheme and a BLUF domain reaction coordinate scheme are presented. The adenylyl cyclase action of catalytic ATP to cAMP (a cellular second messenger) conversion is described. Light-induced cyclase activity of BLUF coupled photoactivated adenylyl cyclases (BLUF-PACs) is analyzed. Optogenetic BLUF-PAC applications are shortly reviewed.
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