Abstract
This study examined the antibacterial effect of protoporphyrin IX–ethylenediamine derivative (PPIX-ED)–mediated photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PPIX-ED-PACT) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro and in vivo. PPIX-ED potently inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by inducing reactive oxygen species production via photoactivation. Atomic force microscopy revealed that PPIX-ED-PACT induced the leakage of bacterial content by degrading the bacterial membrane and wall. As revealed using acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining, PPIX-ED-PACT altered the permeability of the bacterial membrane. In addition, the antibacterial effect of PPIX-ED-PACT was demonstrated in an in vivo model of P. aeruginosa-infected wounds. PPIX-ED (100 μM) decreased the number of P. aeruginosa colony-forming units by 4.2 log10. Moreover, histological analysis illustrated that the wound healing rate was 98% on day 14 after treatment, which was 10% higher than that in the control group. According to the present findings, PPIX-ED-PACT can effectively inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa in vitro and in vivo.
Highlights
The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria (e.g., Pseudomonas aeruginosa) poses a major challenge to healthcare
We investigated the photostability of Protoporphyrin IX (PPIX)-ED by assessing photobleaching using a multimode microplate spectrophotometer at intervals of 5–30 min
The diphenyl isobenzofuran (DPBF) decay rate was higher in the presence of PPIX-ED, revealing it was more efficient than TPP in producing 1O2
Summary
The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria (e.g., Pseudomonas aeruginosa) poses a major challenge to healthcare. P. aeruginosa is a common cause of nosocomial infections, especially in the intensive care unit [1] and operating room [2], as well as in prosthetic joints [3]. It is difficult to eradicate because of its natural resistance to existing antibiotics, thereby permitting the bacterium to cause sepsis and even death [5, 6]. The development of effective antimicrobials, especially those targeting infections associated with P. aeruginosa, is highly required. Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT), known as antimicrobial photodynamic therapy, has aroused attention as an innovative and alternative treatment option. PACT, a potential antimicrobial therapy that uses visible light and a photosensitizer, can kill
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
