Abstract
In this work, the (1−x)Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-xBaNi0.5Nb0.5O3 (BNT-BNN; 0.00 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.20) ceramics were prepared via a high-temperature solid-state method. The crystalline structures, photovoltaic effect, and electrical properties of the ceramics were investigated. According to X-ray diffraction, the system shows a single perovskite structure. The samples show the normal ferroelectric loops. With the increase of BNN content, the remnant polarization (Pr) and coercive field (Ec) decrease gradually. The optical band gap of the samples narrows from 3.10 to 2.27 eV. The conductive species of grains and grain boundaries in the ceramics are ascribed to the double ionized oxygen vacancies. The open-circuit voltage (Voc) of ∼15.7 V and short-circuit current (Jsc) of ∼1450 nA/cm2 are obtained in the 0.95BNT-0.05BNN ceramic under 1 sun illumination (AM1.5G, 100 mW/cm2). A larger Voc of 23 V and a higher Jsc of 5500 nA/cm2 are achieved at the poling field of 60 kV/cm under the same light conditions. The study shows this system has great application prospects in the photovoltaic field.
Highlights
Growing energy shortage and deterioration of the environment promote the research and utilization ofJ Adv Ceram 2021, 10(5): 1119–1128 and available raw materials [6,7,8,9]
Much work has been done about the ferroelectric photovoltaic (FEPV) effect in ferroelectric perovskite oxides, such as BiFeO3 [10,11], BaTiO3 [12,13,14,15], and Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT) compounds [16]
An adjustable narrow-band gap is of great significance for improving the photovoltaic effect of ferroelectric materials
Summary
J Adv Ceram 2021, 10(5): 1119–1128 and available raw materials [6,7,8,9]. Much work has been done about the FEPV effect in ferroelectric perovskite oxides, such as BiFeO3 [10,11], BaTiO3 [12,13,14,15], and Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT) compounds [16]. The bandgaps of most perovskite-oxide ferroelectrics are higher than 3.2 eV. An adjustable narrow-band gap is of great significance for improving the photovoltaic effect of ferroelectric materials. As one of the classic perovskite-oxide ferroelectrics, Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT) has attracted considerable attention in the photovoltaic field due to its large spontaneous ferroelectric polarization, high large opto-electrical coefficient, and adjustable band gap [18]. There are few of research on the photovoltaic applications based on BNT materials. The band gap and ferroelectric properties of BNT can be regulated by substitution at the A/B sites of perovskite oxides. Grinberg et al [23] first described that the introduction of BaNi0.5Nb0.5O3 could reduce the band gap of pure KNbO3 and produce a higher Jsc of 100 nA/cm. The crystal structures and electrical properties of the system were characterized in detail
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