Abstract
In this study potato and corn starch were subjected to oxidation, using sodium periodate, to obtain dialdehyde starch (DAS) containing different amount of aldehyde groups. The obtained modified starch samples have been characterized with chemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Then, the samples were exposed to polychromatic UV radiation and the course of photochemical reaction has been monitored with ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. The surface properties of the native and dialdehyde starch before and after UV-irradiation have been determined by contact angle measurements and calculation of surface free energy. The crystallinity of the samples has been estimated with X-ray diffraction (XRD). It has been proved that the dialdehyded corn starch contained a higher amount of functional groups was more photostable than the oxidized potato starch. Sodium iodide(V), firmly bound to DAS macromolecules, has been found to have a significant effect on the photooxidative degradation of the tested systems. In addition, the mechanism of photoinduced reactions in the dialdehyde starch has been proposed.
Highlights
Polysaccharides are of great interest to scientists owing to the ease of modifications, which raises the possibility of their use in numerous new sectors of the industry [1,2,3,4,5]
The native starch (ST) samples in the form of powders were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and ATR-FTIR
The dialdehyde starch with different content of the dialdehyde groups was obtained by chemical oxidation of the native corn or potato starch
Summary
Polysaccharides are of great interest to scientists owing to the ease of modifications, which raises the possibility of their use in numerous new sectors of the industry [1,2,3,4,5]. Starch is the component of biodegradable plastics, which makes the products with starch and its derivatives environmentally friendly materials. One of the widest applications of starch and dialdehyde starch due to their biocompatibility is the use of these polysaccharides in the synthesis of biomaterials and biodegradable plastics [6,7,8]. Periodate oxidation is an extremely specific reaction to transform vicinal di-hydroxyl (glycol) groups to paired aldehyde groups without significant side products. The selectively oxidized polysaccharide contains two aldehyde groups in each repeating unit of macromolecule. These aldehyde groups are formed by the opening of the glycosidic ring as a result of preferential C2–C3 bond cleavage [1,9,10]
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