Abstract
In the growing context of sustainable chemistry, one of the challenges of organic chemists is to develop efficient and environmentally friendly methods for the synthesis of high-added-value products. Heterogeneous photocatalytic transformations have brought revolution in this regard, as they take advantage of an unlimited source of energy (solar light) or artificial UV light to onset organic chemical modifications. The abundance of free carbohydrates as chemical platform feedstock offers a great opportunity to obtain a variety of industrial interest compounds from biomass. Due to their chirality and polyfunctionality, the conversion of sugars generally requires multi-step protocols with protection/deprotection steps and hazardous chemical needs. In this context, several selective and eco-friendly methodologies are currently under development. This review presents a state of art of the recent accomplishments concerning the use of photocatalysts for the transformation and valorization of free carbohydrates. It discusses the approaches leading to the selective oxidation of free sugars, their degradation into organic chemicals, or their use for hydrogen production.
Highlights
Over the last few decades, amid the growing concern about the preservation of the planet, chemists and industries have prompted the development of eco-friendly synthetic methods leading to high value-added products from biomass
When photons from are greater in energy the conduction band (CB), leaving an oxidizing hole in the semiconducting materials (SC) bandgap value, light absorption endorses charge separation processes in which electrons are promoted from the valence band (VB) to the conduction band (CB), leaving an oxidizing hole in the valence bandthan (VB) (Figure 2)
The review we propose aims at providing a with only a few examples of carbohydrates [20]
Summary
Over the last few decades, amid the growing concern about the preservation of the planet, chemists and industries have prompted the development of eco-friendly synthetic methods leading to high value-added products from biomass. Carbohydrates are the most abundant valuable materials The use of these as biomass feedstock to prepare environmentally friendly products is very attractive [1]. Sensitive, which limits the use of post-modification strategies, and favors step-byThese strategies are characterized extensive use protective time consumption, step procedures. Of green procedures thatmodification allow the of modification of mono- and oligosaccharides under mild In this context, heterogeneous photocatalytic transformation constitutes a viable and environmentally conditions. The utilization of solar energy, anaabundant and In procedure this context, photocatalytic transformation constitutes viable and renewable source, to drive organic syntheses is very attractive: the grail of mimicking the. SC bandgap value, light absorption endorses charge separation processes in which electrons are promoted from the valence band (VB) to the conduction band (CB), leaving an oxidizing hole in the VB (Figure 2)
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