Photocatalytic degradation of textile dyes on Cu2O-CuO/TiO2 anatase powders

Abstract

TiO2 anatase photocatalysts with ca. 2, 4 and 8wt.% copper metal loading have been employed for the photocatalytic degradation of textile dyes (one of the major contaminants in effluent from textile industries around the world) and their degradation efficiencies compared with benchmark Degussa P25. In order to investigate their surface and bulk composition, all catalysts were characterized using XRD, UV–vis, XPS and TEM techniques. TEM and XPS results confirmed the presence of Cu in its oxide form (Cu2O-CuO). Under optimized conditions (i.e. catalyst dose of 125mgL−1 and initial dye concentration of 5mgL−1), Degussa P25 showed 76% degradation efficiency for primary reactive blue 49 (RB 49) dye in 80min. However, under the same optimized conditions, a complete primary RB 49 dye removal was observed at ca. 4wt.% Cu2O-CuO/TiO2 catalyst. Kinetics analysis of photodegradation (kd) nearly followed a pseudo-first-order kinetic model with a regression coefficient (R2) value in the range of 0.97–0.86 for 4wt.% Cu2O-CuO/TiO2 catalyst. These results indicate that non noble supported TiO2 anatase may be a better choice for photocatalytic dye degradation as compared to other commercially available photocatalysts.