Photocatalytic degradation of direct green & fast orange red dyes: Electrochemical sensor of lead using cupric oxide nanoparticles synthesized via sonochemical route

Abstract

In this study, nanocrystalline cupric oxide was produced using a basic, low-cost sonochemical method (CuO). Through powder X-ray diffraction, the phase and nanocrystalline nature of CuO nanoparticles (NPs) were determined. The Kubelka-Monk function revealed that the band gap of CuO in diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS) is 1.75 ​eV. Ingenious photocatalysts for the removal of the dyes Direct green (DG) and Fast orange red (F-OR) have been demonstrated to work with CuO NPs. To examine the photocatalytic characteristics of NPs under UV light and sunlight irradiation, Direct Green (DG) and Fast Orange Red (F-OR) dyes were utilised as traditional dyes. Direct green dye was found to be excited at 624.1 and 623.8 ​nm in UV and sunlight, while Fast orange red dye is excited at 496.8 and 495.1 ​nm. Lead in 0.1 ​N HCl solution was detected using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) method with a modified carbon paste electrode (MCPE). According to electrochemical performance, CuO is an advantageous sensing electrode material for an element like lead.