Abstract
Fe-doped TiO2 (2, 5, 10, 15 and 20% wt. of Fe) photocatalysts have been synthesized by sol-gel method using titanium aquacomplex precursor. The structure and morphology have been characterized by XRD, BET, SEM, and EDS analyses, Mossbauer and IR spectroscopies. XRD analysis confirmed the anatase structure. The introduction of ferric ions into the titania structure causes its amorphization. The crystallite sizes of obtained samples are around 3 nm. Fe-doped TiO2 samples possess mesoporous structure and high specific surface area (from 274 m2g-1 for 5Fe-TiO2 to 416.4 m2g-1 for 20Fe-TiO2). Mossbauer spectroscopy data confirms the incorporation of Fe3+ ions in the anatase structure. Photocatalytic degradation of Congo red dye using Fe-doped TiO2 photocatalysts was studied under the UV-A light. Optimized conditions for photocatalytic degradation of CR in the presence of hydrogen peroxide are obtained. It was found that the 2Fe-TiO2 sample in the presence of 20 mM H2O2 solution showed highest efficiency in dye photodegradation (99.4%) under UV-A light. The photodegradation kinetics was analyzed using a smartphone and fits well with first-order kinetics model.
Highlights
The anionic and cationic dyes are the main pollutants of the wastewater derived from textile enterprises
Photocatalytic studies Evaluation of the photocatalytic activity of Fe-doped TiO2 samples was investigated in degradation of the Congo red (CR) dye
The specific surface area of Fe-doped TiO2 samples increases from 274 m2g-1 to 416.4 m2g-1
Summary
The anionic and cationic dyes are the main pollutants of the wastewater derived from textile enterprises. The best results were obtained for the composite with 5 wt.% of Pt, which showed a 4.5-fold increase in photocatalytic destruction of RhB and a 45-fold increase in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) compared with unsubstituted TiO2 This photocatalyst showed high stability when tested on five consecutive cycles of photodegradation. The authors explain the enhanced photoactivity of TiO2-Pt catalysts by its strong adsorption capacity regarding to RhB and 4-NP, large surface area and increased electron transfer provided by Pt NPs. Anwar et al [30] synthesized the Fe-TiO2 composite (with an Fe content of 6% wt.) by the sol-gel method, followed by heat treatment at 500°C, for the photodestruction of Methylene blue dye under visible light. The photocatalytic activity of the synthesized Fe-doped TiO2 was compared with the efficiency of commercial P25-TiO2
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