Abstract
Problem statement: Since bacteria mainly causes damage on fresh vegetables and fruits during transportation to market, anti-bacterial TiO2 photocatalyst was applied for their packaging films. However, it has been known that pure TiO2 exhibits low photocatalytic property due to rapid recombination of photo-activated electrons and holes. Doping with metal or metal oxide shows the improvement of photocatalytic activity and disinfection effect. Approach: Fe3+ was considered to dope into TiO2/3SnO2 photocatalyst in order to enhance the photocatalytic property and bacterial inactivation efficiency. The Fe3+ doped TiO2/3SnO2 nanoparticles were prepared by sol-gel method and calcined at 400 °C for 2 h. The synthesized powders were characterized by XRD, BET and SEM. Photocatalytic activity and bacteria killing effect were determined by means of degradation of methylene blue solution and inactivation of E. coli bacteria, respectively. These tests were performed under UV and visible light irradiations. Results: Fe3+ doping into TiO2/3SnO2 has an effect on inhibition of anatase crystal growth, led to the enlargement of the composite specific surface area. Therefore, the photocatalytic activity of Fe3+ doped TiO2/3SnO2 composite in proper concentration was greater than those of pure TiO2 and TiO2/3SnO2 and 0.5 mol% Fe3+ doping exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity and E.coli inactivation efficiency. The E. coli was completely killed within 90 min under UV irradiation or 99.7% inactivated under visible light exposure. Conclusion: Fe3+ doped TiO2/3SnO2 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized and identified as 100% anatase phase. The 0.5mol% Fe3+-doped TiO2/3SnO2 which has particle size of 12.89 μm and specific surface area of 117.61 m2 g-1, exhibited the highest activity and disinfection efficiency. An attractive feature of Fe3+ doped TiO2/3SnO2 photocatalytic disinfection is its potential to be activated by visible light. Therefore, these composite TiO2 nanoparticles can be utilized for fresh food packaging films.
Highlights
In recent years, titanium dioxide has been extensively used as an environmentally harmonious and clean photocatalyst, because of its various qualities, such as optical properties, low cost, high photocatalytic activity, chemical stability and nontoxicity (Hoffmann et al, 1995; Fujishima et al, 2000)
In this study presents the effect of Fe3+ doped in TiO2/3SnO2 photocatalyst on TiO2, crystallite size, photocatalytic reaction and bacteria disinfection
It was found that TiO2/3SnO2/0.5Fe3+ showed the best activity in degradation of methylene blue (MB) and it was selected for antibacterial activity test
Summary
Titanium dioxide has been extensively used as an environmentally harmonious and clean photocatalyst, because of its various qualities, such as optical properties, low cost, high photocatalytic activity, chemical stability and nontoxicity (Hoffmann et al, 1995; Fujishima et al, 2000). Some research groups have reported that the presence of these foreign metal species in TiO2 is generally detrimental for the degradation of organic compounds in aqueous systems (Paola et al, 2000; Navio et al, 1999; Dohshi et al, 2003; Sinha et al, 2001) while some controversial results have been reported (Choi et al, 1994; Zhang et al, 1998; Yamashita et al, 2002; Araña et al, 2002). The photocatalytic sterilization property of Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been documented (Watanabe et al, 1999). The first research on the microbiocidal effect of TiO2 photocatalytic reactions was carried out with
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