Abstract
The use of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) with biomodulatory effects on biological tissues, currently called photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), assists in healing and reduces inflammation. The application of biomaterials has emerged in bone reconstructive surgery, especially the use of bovine bone due to its biocompatibility. Due to the many benefits related to the use of PBMT and bovine bones, the aim of this research was to review the literature to verify the relationship between PBMT and the application of bovine bone in bone reconstruction surgeries. We chose the PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus databases for the search by matching the keywords: “Bovine bone AND low-level laser therapy”, “Bovine bone AND photobiomodulation therapy”, “Xenograft AND low-level laser therapy”, and “Xenograft AND photobiomodulation therapy”. The initial search of the three databases retrieved 240 articles, 18 of which met all inclusion criteria. In the studies concerning animals (17 in total), there was evidence of PBMT assisting in biomaterial-related conduction, formation of new bone, bone healing, immunomarker expression, increasing collagen fibers, and local inflammation reduction. However, the results disagreed with regard to the resorption of biomaterial particles. The only human study showed that PBMT with bovine bone was effective for periodontal regeneration. It was concluded that PBMT assists the process in bone reconstruction when associated with bovine bone, despite divergences between applied protocols.
Highlights
Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been of interest to the scientific community since 1967, whenMester et al [1] reported its effects on hair growth in rats
For bone defect repair, C: comparison to non-use of these components, and O: effect on bone repair. This PICO strategy was used to verify the relationship between photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) and the use of bovine bone in bone reconstruction surgeries in different animals, based on the results presented by scientific studies already published in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science and Scopus databases
Noninvasive, adjuvant methods in tissue regeneration have been associated with grafting techniques in an attempt to overcome some practical limits and further improve the repair results of defects filled with biomaterial
Summary
Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been of interest to the scientific community since 1967, whenMester et al [1] reported its effects on hair growth in rats. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been of interest to the scientific community since 1967, when. It was later verified that this therapy stimulated cellular components, and modulated them, establishing photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT). Materials 2019, 12, 4051 and assistive means in pathological processes, highlighting PBMT in relation to the anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, healing and stimulating effects of tissue growth factors [2,3,4,5]. Laser light sources include helium–neon (HeNe) and gallium–aluminum arsenide (GaAlAs), as these sources have excellent tissue penetration [4,6]. The therapeutic effects of PBMT are based on photochemical, photoelectric and photoenergetic reactions that affect cells by altering their metabolic functions. The literature points to the effects of PBMT on tissues by its modulation of biological processes for cell differentiation and proliferation [9]. Its effects are related to the repair of muscle [10], nerves [11], bone [12], and burn injuries [13], besides the reduction of inflammatory cytokines and bacterial load due to photosensitive agents and biostimulation of blood vessels [10,13,14,15]
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