Abstract
The present investigation focuses on understanding the role of photobiomodulation in enhancing tissue proliferation. Circular excision wounds of diameter 1.5 cm were created on Swiss albino mice and treated immediately with 2 J/cm2 and 10 J/cm2 single exposures of the Helium-Neon laser along with sham-irradiated controls. During different days of healing progression (day 5, day 10, and day 15), the tissue samples upon euthanization of the animals were taken for assessing collagen deposition by Picrosirius red staining and cell proliferation (day 10) by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki67. The positive influence of red light on collagen synthesis was found to be statistically significant on day 10 (P < 0.01) and day 15 (P < 0.05) post-wounding when compared to sham irradiation, as evident from the image analysis of collagen birefringence. Furthermore, a significant rise in PCNA (P < 0.01) and Ki67 (P < 0.05) expression was also recorded in animals exposed to 2 J/cm2 when compared to sham irradiation and (P < 0.01) compared to the 10 J/cm2 treated group as evidenced by the microscopy study. The findings of the current investigation have distinctly exhibited the assenting influence of red laser light on excisional wound healing in Swiss albino mice by augmenting cell proliferation and collagen deposition.
Highlights
Wound repair is an outcome of a series of well-orchestrated multiplex events to re-establish the skin’s anatomical and functional integrity
Fibroblast migration and proliferation, synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM), and successful granulation tissue formation are the hallmarks of the proliferative phase of the dermal repair process
Increased Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression was noticed in 2 J/cm2 treated animals (Fig. 3e)
Summary
Wound repair is an outcome of a series of well-orchestrated multiplex events to re-establish the skin’s anatomical and functional integrity. The repair process mainly becomes recurrently deficient due to extended trauma, prolonged infections, and inflammation [1]. In this line, extensive research is underway, focused on establishing better therapeutic modalities to expedite healing and improve patients’ quality of life. Fibroblast migration and proliferation, synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM), and successful granulation tissue formation are the hallmarks of the proliferative phase of the dermal repair process. Owing to its importance in the wound repair process, tracking markers of the proliferative phase becomes decisive to judge the therapy’s fate.
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