Abstract
Photoresponse and changeability of photoresponse were measured separately with males and females of Drosophila pseudoobscura. The measurements indicate no sexual dimorphism in photobehavior, but do show a distinct sexual dimorphism in changeability of photobehavior. Differentiation between isofemale lines of the population was observed from photobehavior and shown to be of equal magnitude in both sexes. However, such isofemale line differentiation in changeability of photobehavior was very low and restricted to females. Previously published work indicating sexual dimorphism in photobehavior may be the result of experimental designs confounding two effects: (1) photobehavior per se, and (2) changeability of photobehavior.This study of photobehavior suggests that two distinct, but not necessarily mutually exclusive, strategies are involved in the development of intrapopulation differentiation: one leading to a high degree of sexual dimorphism, the other leading to intrasexual differentiation. Concerning the former, it is methodologically and conceptually important to separate sexual dimorphism related to sexual selection from that related to ecological selection. This separation may be easier with behavioral traits than with morphological or biochemical traits.
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