Abstract
Abstract. The paper presents how terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and terrestrial digital photogrammetry were used to create a 3D model of a steep mountain wall. Terrestrial methods of data acquisition are the most suitable for such relief, as the most effective registration is perpendicular to the surface. First, various aspects of photo-based scanning and laser scanning were discussed. The general overview of both technologies was followed by the description of a case study of the western wall of the Kościelec Mountain (2155 m). The case study area is one of the most interesting and popular rock climbing areas in the Polish High Tatra Mts. The wall is about 300 meters high, has varied relief and some parts are overhung. Triangular irregular mesh was chosen to represent the true- 3D surface with its complicated relief. To achieve a more smooth result for visualization NURBS curves and surfaces were utilized. Both 3D models were then compared to the standard DTM of the Tatra Mountains in TIN format, obtained from aerial photographs (0.2 m ground pixel size). The results showed that both TLS and terrestrial photogrammetry had similar accuracy and level of detail and could effectively supplement very high resolution DTMs of the mountain areas.
Highlights
Many applications rely on accurate digital terrain models
The 3D modelling can be very efficient and useful when it comes to monitoring, interpretation and analysis of steep mountain slopes
The main goal of this paper is to investigate 3D models developed with photo-based and laser scanning data, with regard to their accuracy, resemblance and conformity, as well as their usefulness for steep mountain slopes modelling
Summary
Many applications rely on accurate digital terrain models. Suitable data are needed to create such models. A significant improvement in high-quality 3D model creation is photo-based 3D scanning, known as dense stereo matching. This technology, producing a dense point cloud, originates in photogrammetric approaches to Digital Terrain Models (DTM) and computer vision stereo matching. Both technologies are range, noninvasive and prevent people from entering the zone surrounding the slope, often related to a serious danger. The main goal of this paper is to investigate 3D models developed with photo-based and laser scanning data, with regard to their accuracy, resemblance and conformity, as well as their usefulness for steep mountain slopes modelling
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